đ Mood in English Grammar (āĻŽā§āĻĄ – āĻā§āϰāĻŋāϝāĻŧāĻžāϰ āĻāĻžāĻŦ)
â Definition of Mood (āĻāĻāϰā§āĻāĻŋāϤ⧠āϏāĻāĻā§āĻāĻž)
Mood refers to the form of a verb that expresses the speakerâs attitude toward the action or state of the verb â such as whether it is a fact, a command, a wish, or a possibility.
â āĻŽā§āĻĄ āĻā§? (āĻŦāĻžāĻāϞāĻžāϝāĻŧ āϏāĻāĻā§āĻāĻž)
āĻŽā§āĻĄ āĻšāϞ⧠āĻā§āϰāĻŋāϝāĻŧāĻžāϰ āϏā§āĻ āϰā§āĻĒ āϝāĻž āĻŦāĻžāĻā§āϝāĻāĻā§āĻāĻŋ āĻĨā§āĻā§ āĻŦāĻā§āϤāĻžāϰ āĻāĻžāĻŦ āĻŦāĻž āĻāĻĻā§āĻĻā§āĻļā§āϝ āĻĒā§āϰāĻāĻžāĻļ āĻāϰā§, āϝā§āĻŽāύ āĻāĻĻā§āĻļ, āĻāĻā§āĻāĻž, āϏāĻŽā§āĻāĻžāĻŦāύāĻž āĻŦāĻž āĻŦāĻžāϏā§āϤāĻŦāϤāĻžāĨ¤
đ Types of Mood in English (āĻāĻāϰā§āĻāĻŋ āĻ āĻŦāĻžāĻāϞāĻž)
Mood Type | Meaning / Purpose (āĻāĻāϰā§āĻāĻŋāϤā§) | āĻŦāĻžāĻāϞāĻž āĻ āϰā§āĻĨ āĻ āĻŦā§āϝāĻžāĻā§āϝāĻž | Example Sentence (English & Bengali) |
---|---|---|---|
1. Indicative | States facts or asks questions (Statement/Question) | āĻŦāĻžāϏā§āϤāĻŦ āĻāĻāύāĻž āĻŦāĻž āĻĒā§āϰāĻļā§āύ āĻĒā§āϰāĻāĻžāĻļ āĻāϰ⧠| She is happy. (āϏ⧠āĻā§āĻļāĻŋāĨ¤) |
2. Imperative | Gives commands, requests, or instructions | āĻāĻĻā§āĻļ, āĻ āύā§āϰā§āϧ āĻŦāĻž āύāĻŋāϰā§āĻĻā§āĻļ āĻĻā§āϝāĻŧ | Close the door. (āĻĻāϰāĻāĻž āĻŦāύā§āϧ āĻāϰāĨ¤) |
3. Subjunctive | Expresses wishes, suggestions, demands, or doubts | āĻāĻā§āĻāĻž, āĻĒāϰāĻžāĻŽāϰā§āĻļ, āĻĻāĻžāĻŦāĻŋ āĻŦāĻž āϏāύā§āĻĻā§āĻš āĻĒā§āϰāĻāĻžāĻļ āĻāϰ⧠| I wish I were rich. (āĻāĻŽāĻŋ āĻāĻžāĻŽāύāĻž āĻāϰāĻŋ āĻāĻŽāĻŋ āϧāύ⧠āĻšāĻāĨ¤) |
4. Conditional | Expresses condition or hypothetical situations | āĻļāϰā§āϤ āĻŦāĻž āĻāϞā§āĻĒāĻŋāϤ āĻāĻāύāĻž āĻĒā§āϰāĻāĻžāĻļ āĻāϰ⧠| If I were you, I would go. (āϝāĻĻāĻŋ āĻāĻŽāĻŋ āϤā§āĻŽāĻžāϰ āĻāĻžā§āĻāĻžā§ āĻĨāĻžāĻāϤāĻžāĻŽ, āϝā§āϤāĻžāĻŽāĨ¤) |
đ Examples of Mood in Sentences
- Indicative Mood (āĻŦāĻžāϏā§āϤāĻŦ āĻŽā§āĻĄ)
- She writes letters every day.
- āϏ⧠āĻĒā§āϰāϤāĻŋāĻĻāĻŋāύ āĻāĻŋāĻ āĻŋ āϞā§āĻā§āĨ¤
- Imperative Mood (āĻāĻĻā§āĻļāĻŽāĻžāϞāĻž āĻŽā§āĻĄ)
- Please sit down.
- āĻ āύā§āĻā§āϰāĻš āĻāϰ⧠āĻŦāϏā§āĨ¤
- Subjunctive Mood (āĻāĻā§āĻāĻž āĻ āĻāϞā§āĻĒāύāĻžāϰ āĻŽā§āĻĄ)
- It is important that he be here on time.
- āĻāĻāĻž āĻā§āϰā§āϤā§āĻŦāĻĒā§āϰā§āĻŖ āϝ⧠āϏ⧠āϏāĻŽā§ āĻŽāϤ⧠āĻāĻāĻžāύ⧠āĻĨāĻžāĻā§āĻāĨ¤
- Conditional Mood (āĻļāϰā§āϤ āĻŽā§āĻĄ)
- If it rains, we will stay home.
- āϝāĻĻāĻŋ āĻŦā§āώā§āĻāĻŋ āĻšā§, āĻāĻŽāϰāĻž āĻŦāĻžā§āĻŋāϤ⧠āĻĨāĻžāĻāĻŦāĨ¤