Mood in English Grammar

📘 Mood in English Grammar (āĻŽā§āĻĄ – āĻ•ā§āϰāĻŋāϝāĻŧāĻžāϰ āĻ­āĻžāĻŦ)

✅ Definition of Mood (āχāĻ‚āϰ⧇āϜāĻŋāϤ⧇ āϏāĻ‚āĻœā§āĻžāĻž)

Mood refers to the form of a verb that expresses the speaker’s attitude toward the action or state of the verb — such as whether it is a fact, a command, a wish, or a possibility.

✅ āĻŽā§āĻĄ āϕ⧀? (āĻŦāĻžāĻ‚āϞāĻžāϝāĻŧ āϏāĻ‚āĻœā§āĻžāĻž)

āĻŽā§āĻĄ āĻšāϞ⧋ āĻ•ā§āϰāĻŋāϝāĻŧāĻžāϰ āϏ⧇āχ āϰ⧂āĻĒ āϝāĻž āĻŦāĻžāĻ•ā§āϝāĻ­āĻ™ā§āĻ—āĻŋ āĻĨ⧇āϕ⧇ āĻŦāĻ•ā§āϤāĻžāϰ āĻ­āĻžāĻŦ āĻŦāĻž āωāĻĻā§āĻĻ⧇āĻļā§āϝ āĻĒā§āϰāĻ•āĻžāĻļ āĻ•āϰ⧇, āϝ⧇āĻŽāύ āφāĻĻ⧇āĻļ, āχāĻšā§āĻ›āĻž, āϏāĻŽā§āĻ­āĻžāĻŦāύāĻž āĻŦāĻž āĻŦāĻžāĻ¸ā§āϤāĻŦāϤāĻžāĨ¤

📋 Types of Mood in English (āχāĻ‚āϰ⧇āϜāĻŋ āĻ“ āĻŦāĻžāĻ‚āϞāĻž)

Mood Type Meaning / Purpose (āχāĻ‚āϰ⧇āϜāĻŋāϤ⧇) āĻŦāĻžāĻ‚āϞāĻž āĻ…āĻ°ā§āĻĨ āĻ“ āĻŦā§āϝāĻžāĻ–ā§āϝāĻž Example Sentence (English & Bengali)
1. Indicative States facts or asks questions (Statement/Question) āĻŦāĻžāĻ¸ā§āϤāĻŦ āϘāϟāύāĻž āĻŦāĻž āĻĒā§āϰāĻļā§āύ āĻĒā§āϰāĻ•āĻžāĻļ āĻ•āϰ⧇ She is happy. (āϏ⧇ āϖ⧁āĻļāĻŋāĨ¤)
2. Imperative Gives commands, requests, or instructions āφāĻĻ⧇āĻļ, āĻ…āύ⧁āϰ⧋āϧ āĻŦāĻž āύāĻŋāĻ°ā§āĻĻ⧇āĻļ āĻĻ⧇āϝāĻŧ Close the door. (āĻĻāϰāϜāĻž āĻŦāĻ¨ā§āϧ āĻ•āϰāĨ¤)
3. Subjunctive Expresses wishes, suggestions, demands, or doubts āχāĻšā§āĻ›āĻž, āĻĒāϰāĻžāĻŽāĻ°ā§āĻļ, āĻĻāĻžāĻŦāĻŋ āĻŦāĻž āϏāĻ¨ā§āĻĻ⧇āĻš āĻĒā§āϰāĻ•āĻžāĻļ āĻ•āϰ⧇ I wish I were rich. (āφāĻŽāĻŋ āĻ•āĻžāĻŽāύāĻž āĻ•āϰāĻŋ āφāĻŽāĻŋ āϧāύ⧀ āĻšāχāĨ¤)
4. Conditional Expresses condition or hypothetical situations āĻļāĻ°ā§āϤ āĻŦāĻž āĻ•āĻ˛ā§āĻĒāĻŋāϤ āϘāϟāύāĻž āĻĒā§āϰāĻ•āĻžāĻļ āĻ•āϰ⧇ If I were you, I would go. (āϝāĻĻāĻŋ āφāĻŽāĻŋ āϤ⧋āĻŽāĻžāϰ āϜāĻžā§ŸāĻ—āĻžā§Ÿ āĻĨāĻžāĻ•āϤāĻžāĻŽ, āϝ⧇āϤāĻžāĻŽāĨ¤)

📝 Examples of Mood in Sentences

  1. Indicative Mood (āĻŦāĻžāĻ¸ā§āϤāĻŦ āĻŽā§āĻĄ)
    • She writes letters every day.
    • āϏ⧇ āĻĒā§āϰāϤāĻŋāĻĻāĻŋāύ āϚāĻŋāĻ āĻŋ āϞ⧇āϖ⧇āĨ¤
  2. Imperative Mood (āφāĻĻ⧇āĻļāĻŽāĻžāϞāĻž āĻŽā§āĻĄ)
    • Please sit down.
    • āĻ…āύ⧁āĻ—ā§āϰāĻš āĻ•āϰ⧇ āĻŦāϏ⧋āĨ¤
  3. Subjunctive Mood (āχāĻšā§āĻ›āĻž āĻ“ āĻ•āĻ˛ā§āĻĒāύāĻžāϰ āĻŽā§āĻĄ)
    • It is important that he be here on time.
    • āĻāϟāĻž āϗ⧁āϰ⧁āĻ¤ā§āĻŦāĻĒā§‚āĻ°ā§āĻŖ āϝ⧇ āϏ⧇ āϏāĻŽā§Ÿ āĻŽāϤ⧋ āĻāĻ–āĻžāύ⧇ āĻĨāĻžāϕ⧁āĻ•āĨ¤
  4. Conditional Mood (āĻļāĻ°ā§āϤ āĻŽā§āĻĄ)
    • If it rains, we will stay home.
    • āϝāĻĻāĻŋ āĻŦ⧃āĻˇā§āϟāĻŋ āĻšā§Ÿ, āφāĻŽāϰāĻž āĻŦāĻžā§œāĻŋāϤ⧇ āĻĨāĻžāĻ•āĻŦāĨ¤

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